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Conflict theory primarily focuses on the competition among groups for resources. This sociological perspective posits that society is structured in ways that create inequalities, leading to various groups competing for limited resources such as wealth, power, and status. The theory interprets social phenomena through the lens of conflict, emphasizing that social order is maintained not by harmony and consensus but by the dominance of certain groups over others.

This competition can manifest in various forms, including class struggles, race relations, and gender dynamics, where disadvantaged groups may seek recognition and resources that are often monopolized by more privileged groups. By centering on this fundamental aspect of social life, conflict theory helps in understanding the sources of social disparities and tensions, illustrating how inequality inevitably shapes societal interactions and structures.

The other perspectives, such as the interdependence of societal roles, the influence of cultural norms, and the emotional responses of individuals, do not capture the essence of conflict theory, which is fundamentally about understanding the dynamics of power and competition in social relationships.